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Roman Egypt: Land of Pharaohs and Emperors!

Imagine ancient Egypt ruled by faraway Roman emperors! Discover a land of pyramids, big cities, and amazing stories.

Images

Mummy portrait, wax encaustic painting on sycamore wood, 2nd century AD, Roman Egypt, Badisches Landesmuseum Karlsruhe, Germany

Mummy portrait, wax encaustic painting on sycamore wood, 2nd century AD, Roman Egypt, Badisches Landesmuseum Karlsruhe, Germany

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Granite statue of Alexander the Great as Pharaoh, Greco-Roman Egypt, c. 300 BC, Liebieghaus museum, Frankfurt
Mummy portrait of a woman, AD 120-150, Roman Egypt, wax encaustic painting on sycamore wood, Liebieghaus, Frankfurt am Main
Mummy portrait of a girl, AD 120-150, Roman Egypt, wax encaustic painting on sycamore wood, Liebieghaus, Frankfurt am Main
Mummy portrait of a girl, AD 120-150, Roman Egypt, wax encaustic painting on sycamore wood, Liebieghaus, Frankfurt am Main (14304151412)
Himation Statue Greek Orator Roman-Egypt
Mummy portrait of a woman, AD 120-150, Roman Egypt, wax encaustic painting on sycamore wood, Liebieghaus, Frankfurt am Main
Mummy portrait of a boy, AD 120-150, Roman Egypt, wax encaustic painting on sycamore wood, Liebieghaus, Frankfurt am Main
Begram Painted Goblet Depicting Figures Harvesting Dates. Glass made in Roman Egypt, 1st Century C.E., Begram Room 10
Limestone sculpture of the goddess Isis depicted as a Roman matron from Roman Egypt
Detail. Wooden board inscribed in ink with lines 468-473, Book I of Homer's Iliad. Roman Egypt. On display at the British Museum
Serapis on Roman Egypt, Alexandria, Billon Tetradrachm

Key Facts

Location
Along the Nile River in Northeast Africa.
Capital City
Alexandria.
Population Estimate
Between 4 and 8 million people.
Famous For
Growing lots of grain for the Roman Empire.

Where is Roman Egypt?

Picture a super old land along the mighty Nile River. This was Egypt when the Roman Empire was in charge! It was like a giant playground bordered by other lands. The Romans loved Egypt because it was full of yummy grain, like a giant breadbasket for their whole empire. It was a very important place, almost as special as Italy itself!

Life in a Roman Egyptian Town

Imagine a bustling city like Alexandria, which was bigger than any city in America except maybe New York! People lived in villages and big towns. Some spoke Egyptian, which was changing into a new language called Coptic. Others in the cities spoke Greek and loved Greek stories and games. Everyone worked hard, and many people could read and write, which was pretty amazing back then!

Super Soldiers and Rich Rulers

Big armies of Roman soldiers, like brave knights, lived in Egypt to keep it safe. They had special towns called 'metropolises' where people got extra privileges. The Romans thought Egypt was super rich because it grew so much food and had lots of trade. It was one of the wealthiest places in the whole Roman world, making it a prize for any emperor!

When Emperors Changed Things!

Sometimes, things got a little tricky. There were even times when other empires tried to take over! But Roman emperors always fought back to keep Egypt. Later, Christianity became super popular, and a new language called Coptic grew. Even though it was Roman, Egypt kept its own special Egyptian spirit alive!

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Based on content from Wikipedia · Licensed under CC BY-SA 4.0